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Russian Republic

From Simple English Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Russian Republic
(1917–1918)
Российская Республика
Russian Democratic Federal
Republic
(1918)
Российская Демократическая Федеративная Республика
1917–1918
Anthem: Рабочая Марсельеза
Rabochaya Marsel'yeza
"Worker's Marseillaise"
Гимн Свободной России
Gimn Svobodnoy Rossii
"Anthem of Free Russia" (Unofficial)
Government Seal:
Under control shortly before the Bolshevik Revolution
Under control shortly before the Bolshevik Revolution
Capital
and largest city
Petrograd
Common languagesRussian
Demonym(s)Russian
GovernmentFederal republic under a provisional government
Minister-Chairman 
• September–November 1917
Alexander Kerensky[a]
• 1917–1918
none[b]
Chairman of the Constituent Assembly
 
• 18–19 January 1918
Viktor Chernov
LegislatureProvisional Council (1917)
none (1917–1918)
Constituent Assembly[c] (1918)
Historical eraWorld War I / Russian
Revolution
8–16 March 1917
• Republic proclaimed
14 September 1917
7 November 1917
25 November 1917
• Constitution adopted
18 January 1918
• Constituent Assembly
dissolved
19 January 1918
CurrencyRuble
Preceded by
Succeeded by
Russian Empire
Russian Provisional Government
Bolshevik Russia
South Russia
Transcaucasian Commissariat
Turkestan
Finland
Alash Autonomy
Crimea
Moldavia
Buryat-Mongolia
Siberia
Ukraine
Estonia
Yakutia
Idel-Ural
Altai
Belarus
Green Ukraine
Northern Caucasus
Northwest Russia
Latvia
Lithuania

The Russian Republic, officially the Russian Democratic Federal Republic, was a short-lived state that existed from 1917 to 1918. It replaced the former Russian Empire, and was the last non-communist unified Russian nation before the beginning of the Russian Civil War. It was created by the Russian Provisional Government in 1917, another short-lived state that replaced the Russian Empire. While the Bolsheviks had removed the government of the Republic, there would be one more attempt to recreate the Russian Republic in 1918, which ended in the Bolsheviks once again removing the government, a day later.

After the February Revolution, Nicholas II resigned from the throne as Tsar of the Russian Empire, and a provisional government was formed. This provisional government was semi-democratic (with power split between the Bolsheviks and the provisional government), however had a very fragile government. In July 1917, the then leader of the Republic, Georgy Lvov resigned after not being able to gain the support of the Russian people. Lavr Kornilov gained control of the Republic, and created another provisional government. Bolshevik forces would remove the government in charge of the Republic in November 1917, but the government continued to de jure exist until January 1918.

  1. Served as the prime minister of the provisional government from July 1917
  2. De facto power seized by the Bolsheviks led by Vladimir Lenin
  3. Dissolved after the very first meeting