Romani people: Difference between revisions

Sterilization measures taken by Scandinavian countries ([[Norway]], [[Sweden]]) as well as Central European countries ([[Czech Republic]], [[Slovakia]]) in the mid to late 20th century led to decreasing the number of Roma belonging to those countries.<ref>{{cite web |title=Sterilization in Norway - a dark chapter? |url= https://www.eurozine.com/sterilization-in-norway-a-dark-chapter/}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Racism's cruelest cut: coercive sterilisation of Romani women and their fight for justice in the Czech Republic (1966-2016) |url= https://www.opendemocracy.net/en/can-europe-make-it/racisms-cruelest-cut-coercive-sterilization-of-roman/}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Body and Soul: Forced Sterilization and Other Assaults on Roma Reproductive Freedom |url= https://reproductiverights.org/body-and-soul-forced-sterilization-and-other-assaults-on-roma-reproductive-freedom/}}</ref> The countries in [[Southeast Europe|South Eastern Europe]] (Balkans) that hadn't taken those sterilization measures (mainly because of communist policies) especially [[Romania]] and [[Bulgaria]], experienced steady increases of ethnic Roma birth rates during the 20th century that continue to this day, mainly because of the Roma tradition to [[Child marriage|marry young]] (in their early teens).<ref>{{Cite news |date=2003-10-02 |title=Gypsy child couple separated |language=en-GB |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/europe/3159818.stm |access-date=2022-08-08}}</ref> Once [[Revolutions of 1989|communism fell in Eastern Europe]] and travel restrictions were lifted as well as Eastern European countries [[Enlargement of the European Union|joining the European Union in the 2000's]], it was easier for the Eastern European Roma to [[Mass migration|mass migrate]] to Western Europe. Often, Romania is wrongly identified as the place of origin of the Roma because of the similar name Roma/Romani and Romanians. Romanians derive their name from the [[Latin]] [[wikt:romanus|''romanus'']], meaning "[[Roman people|Roman]]",<ref>{{cite web |url=http://dexonline.ro/search.php?cuv=rom%C3%A2n |title=''Explanatory Dictionary of the Romanian Language'', 1998; ''New Explanatory Dictionary of the Romanian Language'', 2002 |publisher=Dexonline.ro |access-date=25 September 2010 |language=ro |url-status=live |archive-url=http://arquivo.pt/wayback/20160517200517/http://dexonline.ro/search.php?cuv%3Drom%25C3%25A2n |archive-date=17 May 2016 }}</ref> referencing the [[Roman Dacia|Roman conquest of Dacia]] (the [[Dacians]] were a sub-group of the [[Thracians]]). The plural "Romani" in the [[Romanian language]] means [[Roman people]], citizens of the ancient [[Roman Republic]] which is written the same as other version of Roma people: Romani people in the English language. Causing even more confusion.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.dex.ro/roman/30107}}</ref> Romanian genetics show ancient Balkan ancestry (Thracian ancestry)<ref>Karachanak et al., 2012. [https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s00414-011-0589-y Karachanak, S., V. Carossa, D. Nesheva, A. Olivieri, M. Pala, B. Hooshiar Kashani, V. Grugni, et al. "Bulgarians vs the Other European Populations: A Mitochondrial DNA Perspective." International Journal of Legal Medicine 126 (2012): 497.]</ref> as well as [[Slavic migrations to the Balkans|Slavic]] ancestry<ref name="slav">{{cite journal |last1=Kushniarevich |first1=A |last2=Utevska |first2=O |last3=Chuhryaeva |first3=M |last4=Agdzhoyan |first4=A |last5=Dibirova |first5=K |last6=Uktveryte |first6=I |last7=Möls |first7=M |last8=Mulahasanovic |first8=L |last9=Pshenichnov |first9=A |last10=Frolova |first10=S |last11=Shanko |first11=A |last12=Metspalu |first12=E |last13=Reidla |first13=M |last14=Tambets |first14=K |last15=Tamm |first15=E |display-authors=29 |year=2015 |title=Genetic Heritage of the Balto-Slavic Speaking Populations: A Synthesis of Autosomal, Mitochondrial and Y-Chromosomal Data |journal=PLOS ONE |volume=10 |issue=9 |pages=e0135820 |bibcode=2015PLoSO..1035820K |doi=10.1371/journal.pone.0135820 |pmc=4558026 |pmid=26332464 |doi-access=free |last16=Koshel |first16=S |last17=Zaporozhchenko |first17=V |last18=Atramentova |first18=L |last19=Kučinskas |first19=V |last20=Davydenko |first20=O |last21=Goncharova |first21=O |last22=Evseeva |first22=I |last23=Churnosov |first23=M |last24=Pocheshchova |first24=E |last25=Yunusbayev |first25=B |last26=Khusnutdinova |first26=E |last27=Marjanović |first27=D |last28=Rudan |first28=P |last29=Rootsi |first29=S |last30=Yankovsky |first30=N}}</ref> and not Indian ancestry like the Roma.