„Transair-Flug 810“ – Versionsunterschied

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=== Recovery ===
=== Recovery ===


The NTSB is coordinating with the insurance company for Transair to begin an underwater recovery effort.<ref>{{cite news | last=Levin | first=Alan | title=Recovery of Hawaii Cargo Jet on Sea Floor Set to Begin in Fall | work=Bloomberg | date=August 19, 2021 | url=https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2021-08-19/recovery-of-hawaii-cargo-jet-on-sea-floor-set-to-begin-in-fall | access-date=August 19, 2021}}</ref> Both engines, both fuselage sections, and cargo, are now expected to be recovered, in an operation expected to begin on or about October 9, and last 10–14 days.<ref>{{Cite web|date=September 30, 2021|title=NTSB Coordinating Recovery of Cargo Jet From Pacific Ocean|url=https://www.ntsb.gov/news/press-releases/Pages/NR20210930b.aspx|url-status=live|access-date=September 30, 2021|website=|publisher=[[National Transportation Safety Board]]}}</ref> A research vessel with [[remotely operated underwater vehicle]]s (ROV) will be used to rig each section of wreckage for hoisting to the surface by a barge equipped with a crane.<ref>Associated Press staff (September 30, 2021). [https://www.staradvertiser.com/2021/09/30/breaking-news/federal-crews-aim-to-recover-plane-that-ditched-off-oahu/ Federal crews aim to recover plane that ditched off Oahu]. ''[[Associated Press]]''. Retrieved October 1, 2021.</ref>
The NTSB is coordinating with the insurance company for Transair to begin an underwater recovery effort.<ref>{{cite news | last=Levin | first=Alan | title=Recovery of Hawaii Cargo Jet on Sea Floor Set to Begin in Fall | work=Bloomberg | date=August 19, 2021 | url=https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2021-08-19/recovery-of-hawaii-cargo-jet-on-sea-floor-set-to-begin-in-fall | access-date=August 19, 2021}}</ref> Both engines, both fuselage sections, and cargo, are now expected to be recovered, in an operation expected to begin on or about October 9, and last 10–14 days.<ref>{{Cite web|date=September 30, 2021|title=NTSB Coordinating Recovery of Cargo Jet From Pacific Ocean|url=https://www.ntsb.gov/news/press-releases/Pages/NR20210930b.aspx|url-status=live|access-date=September 30, 2021|website=|publisher=[[National Transportation Safety Board]]}}</ref> A research vessel with [[remotely operated underwater vehicle]]s (ROV) will be used to rig each section of wreckage for hoisting to the surface by a barge equipped with a crane.<ref>Associated Press staff (September 30, 2021). [https://www.staradvertiser.com/2021/09/30/breaking-news/federal-crews-aim-to-recover-plane-that-ditched-off-oahu/ Federal crews aim to recover plane that ditched off Oahu]. ''[[Associated Press]]''. Retrieved October 1, 2021.</ref>


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Version vom 7. Oktober 2021, 23:49 Uhr

Vorlage:Short description Vorlage:Use mdy dates Vorlage:Use American English Vorlage:Infobox aircraft occurrence

Transair Flight 810, a Boeing 737-200 converted freighter aircraft on a short cargo flight en route from Honolulu International Airport to Kahului Airport on the neighboring Hawaiian island of Maui, experienced mechanical difficulties and crashed shortly after takeoff in the early morning of July 2, 2021.

The twin-engined plane was owned and operated by Rhoades Aviation, Inc., and had a crew of two. Both Pratt & Whitney JT8D turbofans faltered shortly after takeoff. Unable to maintain altitude, the pilots ditched off the coast of Oahu about 11 minutes into the flight.

The pair was rescued about an hour after the crash in a coordinated inter-agency response involving multiple aircraft and boats. Both were hospitalized for serious injuries and later released. The wreckage was located the following week at depths up to Vorlage:Convert Vorlage:Convert off Ewa Beach.

The Federal Aviation Administration and National Transportation Safety Board immediately began investigating. Transair voluntarily withdrew its four remaining 737s from service for a week-long internal review. Transair resumed flying their one operational 737-200 a week later, but had to cease 737 operations a week after that due to deficiencies identified by the FAA prior to the ditching.

Flight

On July 2, 2021, at 1:33 a.m. HST, the aircraft began its take-off from Daniel K. Inouye International Airport (HNL) just west of Honolulu on the southern coast of Oahu.[1] At around 1:42 a.m., after air traffic control had cleared the flight to climb to 13,000 feet, the pilots informed Honolulu tower that the aircraft had "lost an engine."[2] Publicly available flight data show the aircraft had only climbed to around 2,100 feet (640 meters).[3]

The tower controller offered an immediate return for landing, but the crew instead requested "delay vectors" to "run a checklist".[2] They continued on a southwest heading, away from the airport.[4] At around 1:46 a.m., the crew reported that the second engine had overheated, and they could not maintain altitude.

After turning back toward Honolulu, the aircraft continued to lose altitude, so the controller issued a low-altitude alert and asked if they wanted to go to the closer Kalaeloa Airport instead. "We'd like the closest airport runway, please" was the last transmission recorded from the aircraft.[2] The plane went down on the water of Māmala Bay about Vorlage:Convert short of Kalaeloa Airport.[1][5] Vorlage:Clear-left

Emergency response

A United States Coast Guard helicopter rescued one pilot and an Aircraft Rescue and Fire Fighting (ARFF) boat rescued the other.[6] They were the only two people aboard. Both were brought to The Queen's Medical Center about Vorlage:Convert away.[7] The 58-year-old survivor was hospitalized in critical condition; the 50-year-old survivor had a head injury and multiple lacerations and was hospitalized in serious condition.[8] Both men were released from the hospital within a few days.[9]

Rescue coordination

U.S. Coast Guard Joint Rescue Coordination Center Honolulu watchstanders received a report from Honolulu Air Traffic Control of a downed Boeing 737 offshore. In response, the Coast Guard issued a notice to mariners, launched a Eurocopter MH-65 Dolphin helicopter and HC-130 Hercules airplane from Coast Guard Air Station Barbers Point (co-located at the Kalaeloa Airport), sent out a 45-foot Response Boat – Medium crew, and diverted the cutter Joseph Gerczak.[7] In addition to the Coast Guard, multiple other agencies deployed, including Emergency Medical Services.[10] The Hawaii Department of Transportation’s ARFF boat based at the Honolulu International Airport also responded and took approximately 30 to 40 minutes to get to the scene after navigating through a mile-wide debris field.[11][12] A Coast Guard press release quoted a watchstander saying, "Our crews often train closely with our counterpartsVorlage:Nbsp... That training paid off and we were able to quickly deploy response assets to the scene and recover the two people aboard the aircraft."[7]

Coast Guard night vision video showing rescue of two pilots. Thumbnail shows rescue swimmer being hoisted aboard helicopter

On scene

Around 2:30 a.m., the Coast Guard helicopter located a fuel slick and wreckage.[13] The helicopter crew radioed to the same tower controller who last spoke to Flight 810 about 45 minutes earlier, "We do have an aircraft in the water. We're currently overhead [the] debris field", then called a few minutes later to report, "We have zero, two souls in sight in the water." The controller responded: "Okay, so you have both guys, both souls in sight?" to which they replied, "Both souls in sight, yes, sir."[14]

When the Coast Guard helicopter arrived on the scene, only about Vorlage:Convert from their air station,[1][5] one survivor was on the vertical tail of the aircraft (the only part of the aircraft that could still be seen floating above the waves) while a second one was in the water floating on a bed of cargo soaked in jet fuel.[15][16] The helicopter crew planned to rescue the survivor already in the water first but changed that plan when the tail section rapidly sank, leaving the other survivor struggling to swim. The aircrew lowered a rescue swimmer, who put the survivor in the rescue strop, and they were both lifted on board the helicopter.[17] That survivor was reported to be at the point of exhaustion and not fully responsive when he was assessed on board the helicopter.[18]

The helicopter then brought the rescue swimmer to assist the other survivor.[19][16] He was lifted on board the ARFF rescue boat, and later transferred to an ambulance on shore when the boat returned to the airport in Honolulu.[11][6] The survivor recovered first was flown directly to the hospital once the helicopter crew recovered its rescue swimmer.[20]

At the time of the rescue, there were winds of Vorlage:Convert and seas up to Vorlage:Convert.[7]

Aircraft

N810TA in May 2019, after its full freighter conversion

The aircraft involved was a 45-year-old first-generation Boeing 737-200. More 737s have been built than any other jetliner, and its historic accident rate is comparable to similar twinjets.[3] From 1968 to 1988, Boeing built 1,095 of the 737-200 type,[21] but by 2021, fewer than 60 were still flying worldwide.[14] Scheduled passenger service using 737-200s largely ended in 2008 with the closure of Aloha Airlines (also based in Honolulu) but a few remained in passenger service through 2020.[22]

C-GDPW in August 1998 in freight service in "combi" configuration[Note 1]

This 737-275C Adv.[Note 2] combi aircraft was built for Pacific Western Airlines, delivered on October 10, 1975, and originally registered in Canada as C-GDPW.[23][24] The aircraft was eventually taken out of passenger service, and later converted to a full freighter. In 1999 the converted airframe was re-registered to Transmile as 9M-PML in Malaysia until it was then re-registered by Transair in the U.S. as N810TA in 2014.[25] It was one of five Boeing 737s in Rhoades Aviation Inc's Transair fleet.[13]

Engines

A JT8D engine inlet fan case on the seabed a week after the ditching

First-generation 737s were powered by two Pratt & Whitney JT8D-9A[26] engines, originally designed for the Boeing 727 around 1960. Pratt & Whitney produced more than 14,000 of these engines before regular production ended in 1985. The company continued actively supplying parts and overhauling engines through 2021 when roughly 2,000 were still in use.[3][27][28] Mainline airline use of the JT8D continued until 2020 when Delta Airlines retired their MD-88 fleet early due to the COVID-19 pandemic.[29]

The FAA's Service Difficulty Reports database shows the aircraft involved, N810TA, experienced #1 (left) engine failure on takeoff twice in recent years, but with different engines each time. In a 2018 failure, the engine had accumulated 23,657 hours total time and 35,753 total cycles, while in a 2019 failure the engine had 71,706 total hours and 67,194 total cycles.[30]

Investigation

A bed of cargo floating in the debris field the following day

The following day, USCGC Joseph Gerczak completed collection of a small amount of incidental flotsam from the debris field to aid in the investigation.[31] The NTSB examined the retrieved items, described as mostly general cargo.[15]

In an initial statement, the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) said, "The pilots had reported engine trouble and were attempting to return to Honolulu when they were forced to land the aircraft in the waterVorlage:Nbsp... The FAA and National Transportation Safety Board will investigate."[1][32] The FAA would not comment on its current investigation, but a local investigative reporter for KHON-TV found more than a dozen FAA enforcement actions against Rhoades Aviation and Trans Executive Airlines of Hawaii (d.b.a Transair), with fines that totaled over $200,000 over 25 years.[33] A company representative declined to comment because they are a party to the ongoing NTSB investigation, but a former FAA Chief Counsel published critical commentary on the reporting, cautioning against drawing premature conclusions from potentially unrelated historical enforcement actions.[34]

"Transair has voluntarily chosen not to operate our Boeing 737 cargo aircraft temporarily while we assess the situation and continue to cooperate with federal authorities in their investigation", a Transair spokesman said in a statement the following day.[15] Transair has a contract to carry mail between the Hawaiian Islands, but the United States Postal Service said no mail was aboard this flight. They had made alternate arrangements after Transair grounded its 737s.[33] Transair resumed 737-200 operations a week later.[35] But in less than a week, Rhodes Aviation lost its FAA inspection authorization at midnight on July 15, after failing to ask for reconsideration of a June 13 notice of deficiencies identified during an ongoing FAA investigation that began in 2020. This effectively grounded Rhodes fleet of 737-200s, which only included one remaining operational aircraft at the time. The FAA said the grounding was not a direct result of the ditching.[36][37][30][38]

The National Transportation Safety Board (NTSB) originally announced it was sending seven investigators immediately after the ditching, but updated that to say they were deploying a relatively large ten-investigator team to Oahu.[1] Two investigators arrived later that day and began on-scene coordination,[39] and the rest arrived by the next day. Team specialties included air traffic control, systems, maintenance records, human performance, operations, powerplants, and wreckage recovery.[40]

The NTSB also announced that the manufacturers of the airframe and the engines, Boeing and Pratt and Whitney respectively, would be among the parties to the investigation.[41] The NTSB stated, "In general terms, NTSB investigators develop factual information in three areas: the people involved in an accident, the equipment involved in the accident and the environment in which the accident occurred."[41]

Fuselage center section and wings on the seabed a week later

NTSB met with the parties to the investigation the following day, and said it would use side-scan sonar to locate and evaluate the wreckage prior to attempting to recover the "black box" flight recorders.[42] The wreckage was located the following week at depths between Vorlage:Convert—below the depth where human divers could safely recover the flight recorders per the NTSB.[43]

The NTSB also sampled fuel from another aircraft and found no anomalies. By the end of the following week, the on-site "go-team" had completed collection of the perishable evidence, including interviews of more than a dozen key personnel, and returned home. But the flight recorders remained with the wreckage at the bottom of the sea.[44]

Photos from a remotely-controlled SEAMOR Marine Chinook underwater vehicle showed that the fuselage broke ahead of the wing, with the nose section separated from the center section, but the inboard sections of both wings were still attached to the fuselage wing carry-through.[45]

Recovery

The NTSB is coordinating with the insurance company for Transair to begin an underwater recovery effort.[46] Both engines, both fuselage sections, and cargo, are now expected to be recovered, in an operation expected to begin on or about October 9, and last 10–14 days.[47]NTSB to Hold Media Briefing on Recovery of Cargo Jet From Pacific Ocean. National Transportation Safety Board, 7. Oktober 2021, abgerufen am 7. Oktober 2021.</ref> A research vessel with remotely operated underwater vehicles (ROV) will be used to rig each section of wreckage for hoisting to the surface by a barge equipped with a crane.[48]

Vorlage:Clear left

See also

Notes

Vorlage:Reflist

References

Vorlage:Reflist Vorlage:USGovernment

Vorlage:Commons category

Vorlage:Aviation accidents and incidents in 2021

  1. a b c d e Gregory Wallace, Paul P. Murphy, Dakin Andone: A Boeing 737 cargo plane makes emergency landing in the water near Honolulu In: CNN, July 2, 2021 „The plane went down approximately two nautical miles south of Kalaeloa, Petty Officer 3rd Class Matthew West of the US Coast Guard District 14 Hawaii Pacific told CNN.“ 
  2. a b c David Kaminski-Morrow: Transair 737-200 crash crew believed both engines were failing. In: Flight Global. 3. Juli 2021, abgerufen am 4. Juli 2021.
  3. a b c Alan Levin, Siddharth Vikram Philip, Julie Johnsson, Ryan Beene: 'Let the Coast Guard Know': Cargo Jet Ditches, Triggering Rescue In: Bloomberg, July 2, 2021. Abgerufen im July 4, 2021 
  4. Audio of radio traffic between air traffic controller in Honolulu tower and Transair Flight 810. In: LiveATC.net. 2. Juli 2021, abgerufen am 2. Juli 2021.
  5. a b Boeing 737 cargo plane crashes off West Oahu with 2 on board (Memento des Originals vom July 2, 2021 im Internet Archive), July 2, 2021. Abgerufen im July 5, 2021 „The Federal Aviation Administration and National Transportation Safety Board are investigating after a cargo plane crashed in waters off West Oahu with two people on board. It happened around 1:45 a.m., about two miles off Kalaeloa Airport, according to the state Department of Transportation.“ 
  6. a b Mariya Parkhomchuk: Pilots in critical, serious conditions after plane goes down near West Oahu In: KHON-TV, July 2, 2021. Abgerufen im July 4, 2021 
  7. a b c d Video available: Coast Guard, partners rescue 2 people from downed aircraft off Oahu. In: U.S. Coast Guard. 2. Juli 2021, abgerufen am 4. Juli 2021.
  8. Emily Shapiro, Alex Stone: 2 pilots alive after plane crashes few miles off coast of Hawaii In: ABC News, July 2, 2021 
  9. NTSB to survey debris field of cargo plane crash off Kalaeloa In: Hawaii News Now, July 5, 2021 
  10. 2 pilots rescued after Boeing 737 cargo plane crashes in water shortly after takeoff from Honolulu In: Hawaii News Now, July 2, 2021. Abgerufen im July 7, 2021 
  11. a b Rosemarie Bernardo: Cargo plane crashes off Oahu; 2 injured pilots rescued In: Honolulu Star-Advertiser, July 2, 2021. Abgerufen im July 7, 2021 
  12. Vorlage:Cite tweet1411020552903434240
  13. a b David Shepardson, Ankit Ajmera: Boeing 737 cargo plane makes emergency water landing off Hawaii In: Reuters, July 2, 2021. Abgerufen im July 4, 2021 
  14. a b 'It doesn't look good out here': Air traffic control communications reveal what pilots said as they crashed into Pacific Ocean In: ABC News, Australian Broadcasting Corporation, July 3, 2021. Abgerufen im July 4, 2021 
  15. a b c Leila Fujimori: Search is underway for cause of cargo plane crash off Kalaeloa In: Honolulu Star-Advertiser, July 4, 2021 
  16. a b Interview: KHON2 speaks with USCG crew who rescue pilots from downed cargo plane PT. 2. In: YouTube. Abgerufen am 5. Juli 2021.
  17. Alan Levin, Julie Johnsson, Ryan Beene: 'They Went Down': How Boeing 737 Pilots Survived Hawaii Ditching, Bloomberg, July 2, 2021. Abgerufen im July 5, 2021 „The rescuers initially focused on the pilot clinging to the packages, said (Lieutenant Gleb) Borovok and Lieutenant Alex Mead, who flew the chopper. But then the tail of the aircraft started to sink, thrusting the man who had been perched there into the water. The helicopter deployed a swimmer and hoisted the Transair pilot aboard.“ 
  18. WATCH: Coast Guard video shows dramatic rescue of pilots after cargo plane crash In: Hawaii News Now, July 2, 2021. Abgerufen im July 4, 2021 
  19. United States Coast Guard: Coast Guard, partners rescue 2 people from downed aircraft off Oahu. Defense Visual Information Distribution Service, 2. Juli 2021, abgerufen am 4. Juli 2021.
  20. Jenn Boneza: Cargo plane crashes in the ocean off Honolulu, two pilots rescued In: KHON-TV, July 3, 2021. Abgerufen im July 5, 2021 
  21. The Boeing 737: The Original vs MAX - What's The Difference? In: Simple Flying. 7. Juni 2020, abgerufen am 4. Juli 2021 (amerikanisches Englisch).
  22. 9 Oldest Commercial Passenger Planes in Service. In: Aero Corner. 11. Dezember 2020, abgerufen am 8. Juli 2021: „4. Boeing 737-200 of Air Inuit – 1979; 3. Boeing 737-200 of Venezolana – 1978; 2. Boeing 747-200 of Caspian Airlines – 1978; 1. Boeing 737-200 (G-GNLK) of Nolinor Aviation – 1974.“
  23. Harro Ranter: ASN Aircraft accident Boeing 737-275C Adv. N810TA Honolulu-Daniel K. Inouye International Airport, HI (HNL). In: aviation-safety.net. Aviation Safety Network, abgerufen am 3. Juli 2021.
  24. Trans Air N810TA (Boeing 737 - MSN 21116) (Ex 9M-PML C-GDPW). In: www.airfleets.net. Airfleets aviation, abgerufen am 3. Juli 2021.
  25. N810TA Rhoades Aviation Inc Boeing 737-275C, MSN 21116. In: OneSpotter.com | Plane Spotting, Photography, Aircraft Database. Abgerufen am 4. Juli 2021.
  26. Registry for N810TA. In: Federal Aviation Administration. Abgerufen am 2. Juli 2021.
  27. Pratt & Whitney's JT8D Engine Turns Half a Century Old. In: MediaRoom. Pratt and Whitney, abgerufen am 7. Juli 2021: „More than 14,750 JT8D engines have been built, accumulating more than half a billion hours of service. At one point, JT8D engine sales and service contributed about half of United Technologies' profits. Today, it continues to generate revenue through overhauls, spare parts sales and kits to make it quieter and cleaner burning.“
  28. JT8D. Pratt and Whitney, abgerufen am 7. Juli 2021: „The JT8D engine has proven itself to be a highly durable and reliable engine, having completed more than 673 million dependable flying hours since entering service. Once deemed the workhorse of the industry, more than 14,750 JT8D engines have flown. Today, there are 2,400 engines still in use.“
  29. Ian McMurtry: The JT8D Engine Roars into History Books as Delta Retires McDonnell Douglas Fleet. In: AirlineGeeks.com. 3. Juni 2020, abgerufen am 8. Juli 2021.
  30. a b Colleen Mondor: FAA Halts Operation of Rhoades Aviation/Transair In: Aviation International News, July 17, 2021. Abgerufen im July 18, 2021 
  31. Vorlage:Cite tweet
  32. Natalie Musumeci, Thomas Pallini: Cargo plane makes emergency landing in ocean near Honolulu In: Business Insider. Abgerufen im July 9, 2021 
  33. a b Gina Mangieri: Transair FAA penalties span decades; no US mail in crashed plane, KHON2, July 7, 2021 
  34. Sandy Murdock: Enforcement Records may not tell the full story about cargo crash in Hawai'i, JDA Aviation Technology Solutions, July 8, 2021. Abgerufen im July 9, 2021 
  35. T4809 (RDS809) Transair Flight Tracking and History 09-Jul-2021 (PHNL-OGG / PHOG). In: FlightAware. Abgerufen am 10. Juli 2021: „Friday 09-Jul-2021 06:19AM HST Daniel K Inouye Intl - HNL 06:42AM HST Kahului - OGG B732 0h 23m“
  36. FAA orders Transair to stop jet flights, citing 'deficiencies' in maintenance, safety practices In: KHON-TV, July 16, 2021. Abgerufen im July 18, 2021 
  37. Alan Levin: Cargo Airline Was Being Investigated Before Crash off Hawaii In: Bloomberg News, July 16, 2021. Abgerufen im July 18, 2021 
  38. Transair Operator Rhoades Aviation Loses FAA Inspection Authority In: Aviation Week Network, July 16, 2021. Abgerufen im July 18, 2021 
  39. NTSB, Coast Guard investigate crash of Boeing 737 cargo plane off Oahu In: Hawaii News Now, July 2, 2021. Abgerufen im July 4, 2021 
  40. Vorlage:Cite tweet
  41. a b Update: NTSB Investigation of Transair Flight 810 Crash Continues. National Transportation Safety Board, 5. Juli 2021, abgerufen am 6. Juli 2021.
  42. Leslie Josephs: NTSB to interview pilots, survey site of ditched 737 cargo plane off Hawaii coast In: CNBC, July 5, 2021 
  43. David Shepardson: Wreckage located of Boeing cargo jet that made emergency landing off Hawaii In: Metro US, July 9, 2021. Abgerufen im July 10, 2021 
  44. NTSB: Images from cargo plane wreckage released In: KITV, July 9, 2021. Abgerufen im July 11, 2021 
  45. HNN Staff: NTSB releases first images of cargo plane wreckage in deep waters off Oahu In: Hawaii News Now, July 10, 2021 
  46. Alan Levin: Recovery of Hawaii Cargo Jet on Sea Floor Set to Begin in Fall In: Bloomberg, August 19, 2021 
  47. NTSB Coordinating Recovery of Cargo Jet From Pacific Ocean. National Transportation Safety Board, 30. September 2021, abgerufen am 30. September 2021.
  48. Associated Press staff (September 30, 2021). Federal crews aim to recover plane that ditched off Oahu. Associated Press. Retrieved October 1, 2021.


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