1951 Nepalese revolution: Difference between revisions

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The Revolution of 1951 (Nepali: लोकतन्त्र आन्दोलन ) was a political agitation against the direct and undemocratic Rana dynasty of Nepal. The movement is also referred as Sat salko kranti ("Revolution of 2007 BS"). It marks the beginning of the political awakening and democratic movements in Nepal. Resulting in immediate abolishment of Institutionalized autocrat hereditary Prime Minister system in Nepal.

power shift to Ranas was heightened by Nepal's defeat in the Anglo-Nepalese War (1814–16). Plotting theKot Massacre Jang Bahadur Rana and his brothers gained power, thus reduced the power of monarch to a figurehead and the Status of Prime Minister was made powerful and hereditary. The Rana regime, a tightly centralized autocracy, pursued a policy of isolating Nepal from external influences.The Ranas further established their powers by turning pro-British, and assisted the British during the Sepoy Rebellion in 1857.

Popular dissatisfaction against the family rule of the Ranas had started emerging from among the few educated people, who had been taught in various Indian school and colleges, and from within the Ranas, many of whom were marginalised within the Ruling Rana hierarchy. Many of these Nepalese in exile had actively taken part in the Indian Independence struggle and wanted to liberate Nepal as well from the internal autocratic occupation. The political parties like The Prajaparishad and The Nepali Rastriya Congress were already formed in exile by the patriotic minded people who wanted to stage both the military and popular political movement in Nepal to overthrow the autocratic Rana Regime.

King Tribhuvan's anti Rana attitude had been an open secret for long in Nepal. King Tribhuvan himself gave explicit support to Praja Parishad , to overthrow the Ranas. In each instance, however, the Ranas responded harshly, banning the liberal movements and executing their leadership.Even then King Tribhuvan worked closely with Praja Parishad in trying to abolish the Rana regime .Finally In November, 1950, King Tribhuvan took refuge at the Indian Embassy against the Ranas .He was accompanied by his son Mahendra and the eldest grandson Birendra, among others.

After a mutual agreement between Ranas,Nepali congress party and King Tribhuban a tripartite agreement was signed in Delhi. Finally, On 7th Falgun 2007 B.S. King Tribhuban returned to Nepal as a head of state.

• The major provisions of the Delhi Accord(Agreement) are as follows:
• An elected constituent assembly will frame a democratic constitution within 2 years.
• There will remain an interim cabinet (government) of 10 ministers under the Prime Ministership of Mohan Shumsher of which 5 will be taken from the Nepali congress.
• There will be no restriction to open political organizations. All the political prisoners will be set free and agitators have to hand over all the weapons to the government and stop the movement
• King Tribhuvan will remain the King of Nepal and ultimate power lies in the monarch.

On 15 February 1951, King Tribhuvan and the leading members of the Nepali Congress returned to Kathmandu.Huge flock of supporters gathered and welcome there monarch at the airport On 18 February 1951, King Tribhuvan announced Nepal’s first steps to democracy with a historical proclamation.